Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Potato Andean latent tymovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by R. Koenig, 1985. Revised 1989.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

Andean potato latent virus.

Acronym

APLV

Strains

isolates differ in serological and electrophoretic properties and symptoms induced (Koenig et al., 1979).

ICTV decimal code

77.0.1.0.007

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Solanum tuberosum - symptomless or sometimes mosaic.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector and means not involving a vector; an insect; Epithrix sp; Coleoptera. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by contact between plants; transmitted by seed (less than 1% in Solanum tuberosum).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the South and Central American region; Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru (CABI/EPPO data).

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Chenopodium quinoa - necrotic spots; systemic chlorosis with some strains.
• Nicotiana bigelovii, N. clevelandii, N. debneyi, N. megalosiphon - severe mosaic.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Phaseolus vulgaris, Vigna unguiculata.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana bigelovii, N. clevelandii.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Nicotiana bigelovii (W), N. clevelandii (W).

Susceptible host species

• Amaranthus caudatus
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cucumis sativus
• Datura stramonium
• Gomphrena globosa
• Hyoscyamus niger
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium
• Nicandra physalodes
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana bigelovii
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana debneyi
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana megalosiphon
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Petunia × hybrida
• Solanum chacoense
• Solanum demissum
• Solanum melongena
• Solanum tuberosum

Insusceptible host species

• Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis
• Hordeum vulgare
• Lablab purpureus
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Physalis floridana
• Physalis peruviana
• Pisum sativum
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Triticum aestivum
• Vicia faba
• Vigna unguiculata
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (2/2)
• Chenopodiaceae (2/2)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (18/20)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Cruciferae (1/1)
• Gramineae (2/2)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (7/7)
• Solanaceae (2/20)

Sources of host-range data

Fribourg et al. (1977); Gibbs et al. (1966).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 65-80 °C. LIV: 21 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 6. Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Dunn and Hitchborn (1965).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; 30 nm in diameter; rounded in profile; with a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

Two sedimenting components in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient of the fastest 115 S; of the other(s) 54 S (T). Density 1.26 and 1.41 g cm^-3 in CsCl (unfixed). Isoelectric point pH of different strains differs. A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 0.81 (T), or 1.51 (B).

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 36 % nucleic acid (B); 64 % protein (B).

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 6.5 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 6.5 kb. Base composition 16 % G; 22 % A; 38 % C; 24 % U. 5´ terminus of RNA has a methylated nucleotide cap. Infectivity retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent. Genome has tRNA-like activity. Genome accepts possibly valine.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• M15284 Em(40)_vi:TYMTY3AP Gb(84)_vi:APV3APLV Andean potato latent virus 3´ end which can form tRNA-like structure. 11/90 96bp.
• M58313 Em(40)_vi:APVRRLS Gb(84)_vi:APVRRLS Andean potato latent virus (APLV) 3´ terminus tRNA-like structure. 8/91 82bp. 2 sequences.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 20000. Amino acid composition: Paul et al. (1980).

Replication

Genome replicates probably in association with chloroplasts (in virus-induced vesicles). Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm, in nuclei, and in cell vacuoles. Inclusions present in infected cells; are crystals in the cytoplasm and crystals in the nucleus; they contain virions. Other cellular changes: fragmentation of mitochondria.

Taxonomy and relationships

Tymovirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Eggplant mosaic virus is closely related; belladonna mottle and dulcamara mottle viruses less so; and most other tymoviruses are distantly related.

Comments and References

References

• Dunn, D.B. and Hitchborn, J.H. (1965). Virology 25: 171.
• Fribourg, C.E., Jones, R.A.C. and Koenig, R. (1977). Ann. appl. Biol. 86: 373.
• Gibbs, A.J. and Harrison, B.D. (1973). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 124, 4 pp.
• Gibbs, A.J., Hecht-Poinar, E., Woods, R.D. and McKee, R.K. (1966). J. gen. Microbiol. 44: 177.
• Koenig, R., Francksen, H. and Stegemann, H. (1981). Phytopath. Z. 100: 347.
• Koenig, R., Fribourg, C.E. and Jones, R.A.C. (1979). Phytopathology 69: 748.
• Lesemann, D.-E., Bozarth, R.F and Koenig, R. (1980). J. gen. Virol. 48: 257.
• Osorio-Keese, M., Keese, P. and Gibbs, A.J. (1989). Virology 172: 547.
• Paul, H.L., Gibbs, A.J. and Wittmann-Liebold, B. (1980). Intervirology 13: 99.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.